The present invention is directed to varying the radial seating position of the roller while maintaining a constant chordal dimension between seated rollers. The roots between teeth of a sprocket for a roller chain have radii that vary between a nominal radius and a maximum radius and a minimum radius. This variation or randomization is intended to provide a noise modulation effect while avoiding ...

Process for mechanical chemical polishing of a layer in a copper-based material using a polishing composition, characterized in that said polishing composition comprises an aqueous suspension of individualized colloidal silica particles not linked to each other by siloxane bonds, the average diameter of which is comprised between 10 and 100 nm, the pH of the aqueous suspension being comprised betw...

The present invention relates to an epoxy resin composition consisting of components (a), (b) and (c) defined below, wherein the amount of component (c) based on 100 parts by weight of component (a) is 1 to 30 parts by weight; component (a) is liquid; and components (b) and (c) are homogeneously dissolved in component (a): (a) epoxy resin, (b) anionic polymerization initiator, and (c) prot...

A system and a method for establishing or specifying the online status of a user forming part of an instant messaging system. The IM system (11) includes a plurality of clients having IM client applications of the same or different types, including: a PC-based instant messaging client application program (101): a GSM device (102) forming part of a GSM network: an internet browser-based client appl...

In a store, a consumer electronic product is exhibited to the public in a showroom. In the showroom, a terminal or the product provides connectivity to a remote server. The server may be that of a retailer or that of the provider of the product. At least one of the functions of the product may be demonstrated to the public. The server is notified when a demonstration is performed.

An optical disk device in which the write output of the laser beam can be adequately set. The optical disk device (1) comprises a rotation drive mechanism for rotating an optical disk (2) loaded in the rotation drive mechanism at plural rotational speeds and an optical head (3) for irradiating the optical disk (2) with a laser beam so as to record information. While varying the output level of the...

A plurality of multi-layer metal plates (1) each being composed of a bump forming metal layer (2), an etching stop layer (3), and a wiring film forming metal layer (4), and in which a wiring film (4a) is formed from the wiring film forming metal layer and a bump 2a is formed from the bump forming metal layer are prepared, and on a bump forming surface of a multi-layer metal plate, a wiring film of...

A method and apparatus for depth controlled conductive heat treatment of superficial layers preferably biological tissue such as the epidermal layer is disclosed. The method of the invention is to press a thin radiation absorptive layer attached to a bulk substrate with low thermal difussivity in direct (or indirect via a protective overcoat layer on the absorptive layer) in physical contact with ...

In an automated exchange system trading energy contracts a converter/ translator unit is located interconnected between the order input terminal and the computer hosting the central marketplace/orderbook of the automated exchange system. The trader using the input terminal will use the energy units and order format(s) he normally uses or the units he prefers to use to for each energy commodity. Th...

Una mezcla de concentrado líquido seco para proporcionar un producto final con compuestos orgánicos en sistemas de curado no vulcanizados seleccionados del grupo que consiste de plásticos, plásticos reciclados, termoplásticos, elastomeros termoplásticos, cloruro de polivinilo, poliacrílicos, poliuretanos, asfalto, epoxi y emulsiones de los mismos, incluyendo látex, caracterizada porque dicha mezcl...

PCT No. PCT/EP95/02740 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 15, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 15, 1997 PCT Filed Jul. 13, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/03458 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 8, 1996The present invention relates to a solution of a polyacrylate resin in one or more organic solvents, containing one or more phosphites, characterized in that the solution contains from 0.05 to 1.0% by weight, based on the solids content of the ...

A plasma etch reactor 20 includes a reactor chamber 22 with a grounded upper electrode 24, a lower electrode 28 which is attached to a high frequency power supply 30 and a low frequency power supply 32, and a peripheral electrode 26 which is located between the upper and lower electrode, and which is allowed to have a floating potential. Rare earth magnets 46, 47 are used to establish the magnetic...

The invention provides a process for coating a substrate including electrodepositing an electrodepositable composition on the substrate, heating the coated substrate to cure the coating thereon, applying over the cured electrodeposited coating one or more pigment-containing coating compositions and/or one or more pigment-free coating compositions to form a top coat thereover, and heating the coate...

A method of removing ruthenium silicide from a substrate surface which comprises exposing the ruthenium silicide surface to a solution containing chlorine and fluorine containing chemicals. In particular, said solution is designed to react with said ruthenium silicide film such that water-soluble reaction products are formed.

A method for preparing multi-layer protective coatings having enhanced durability with easy removability under conventional stripping conditions is disclosed. The invention is based on applying to a substrate, a first-coating composition that is removable, followed by application of a second-coating composition that is highly durable but not readily removable. Preferred second-coating compositions...

Preparation of monodisperse anion exchanger with strongly basic functional groups in the resin core or shell comprises polymerizing a monovinyl aromatic compound(s) and a polyvinyl aromatic compound(s), aminomethylating with phthalimide derivatives and alkylating. Preparation of monodisperse anion exchanger with strongly basic functional groups in the resin core or the resin shell comprises reacti...

A lining for a metal, a lining powder and a lining resin composition which comprise a mixture of a maleic acid-modified polypropylene and a polypropylene, or a mixture of the above-mentioned mixture and an ethylene propylene rubber and/or an antioxidant; and a lining method.

A device insulating film, a lower-layer platinum film, a ferroelectric film, an upper-layer platinum film, and a titanium film are sequentially formed on a semiconductor substrate in this order. On the titanium film, a photoresist mask is further formed in a desired pattern. The thickness of the titanium film is adjusted to be 1/10 or more of the total thickness of a multilayer film consisting of ...

A capacitor with the metal-insulating layer-metal structure is sequentially composed of a copper layer in a dielectric layer on substrate, an alloy layer above said copper layer, a metallic oxide layer on said alloy layer, and an upper pad layer above the metallic oxide layer, Its advantages are no diffusion of copper ions, and high electric properties and reliability.

A process for preparing the vertical 3D MIM capacitor structure features that a vertical 3D MIM capacitor structure compatible with the inlaid copper structure is made on base material to decrease the area of the capacitor structure in logic circuit and increase the capacitance density of the capacitors. A process for preparing an inlaid copper structure in IC in order to decrease the number of ma...