A capacitor may include at least one of a polysilicon layer over a semiconductor substrate; a capacitor dielectric layer over a polysilicon layer; an insulating layer over a capacitor dielectric layer; a metal layer connected to a capacitor dielectric layer through a first region of an insulating layer; an upper metal wiring layer connected to a metal layer over an insulating layer; and/or a lower...

Programmable resistive RAM cells have a resistance that depends on the size of the contacts. Manufacturing methods and integrated circuits for lowered contact resistance are disclosed that have contacts of reduced size.

Methods for enhancing trench capacitance and a trench capacitor so formed are disclosed. In one embodiment a method includes forming a first portion of a trench; depositing a dielectric layer in the first portion; performing a reactive ion etching including a first stage to etch the dielectric layer and form a micro-mask on a bottom surface of the first portion of the trench and a second stage to ...

A method for forming, in a semiconductor substrate, wells and/or trenches having different destinations, including the steps of at least partly simultaneously etching cavities according to the pattern of the trenches and/or wells; closing the openings of the cavities with at least one first non-conformal thick layer, and selectively opening the first thick layer according to the subsequent process...

Embodiments relate to a semiconductor having a capacitor and a method of fabricating the same, that may be capable of simplifying a manufacturing process and increasing a capacitance of a capacitor. In embodiments, a method of forming a capacitor may use a dual damascene process and may be simplified by simultaneously forming a contact plug for applying a bias voltage to a bottom electrode and a c...

A printed antenna suitable for wireless networking device comprising a base plate, a grounding member, a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna is disclosed. The base plate is made of dielectric material where on a surface of which a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other are defined. The grounding member is electrically grounded and covers at least a parti...

A thin film capacitor with high capacity and low leak current is provided. The thin film capacitor includes a nickel substrate with nickel (Ni) purity of 99.99 weight percent or above, and a dielectric layer and an electrode layer disposed in this order on the nickel substrate. The thin film capacitor is typically manufactured as follows. A precursor dielectric layer is formed on a nickel substrat...

A method and apparatus for retention of active data stored in memory using multiple indexing systems for data storage. An embodiment of a method for retention of active data in a storage server includes reading data into a first location of a main memory of the storage server. The data in the first location indexes data elements in a long-term data storage in a first manner. The method further pro...

Multilayer lacquer coating process by application of surfacer and/or further coating composition layers and subsequent application of a topcoat lacquer layer of a base lacquer/clear lacquer structure or of a pigmented single--layer topcoat lacquer onto a substrate, wherein at least one of the layers of the multilayer structure is prepared from a coating composition at least partially curable by me...

A fastener assembly includes a row of fasteners having a head, a tip, and a portion of a shank coated with a polymer composition. The polymer composition includes a polymer material such as polyurethane and metal particles. The polymer composition is used to provide improved corrosion and ultraviolet radiation resistance when used with naturally corrosive or pressure preservative treated wood. The...

A method of deriving a quantitative measure of a degree of calcification of a blood vessel such as an aorta by processing an image such as an X-ray image of at least a part of the blood vessel containing said calcification comprises: taking a starting set of digital data representative of an image of at least part of a blood vessel containing a calcification set against a background; estimating th...

A computer-implemented method for vertebrae segmentation includes providing an image of a plurality of vertebrae, and determining a seed in each of at least two adjacent vertebrae in the image. The method further includes mapping a unit square to the seeds in the image as corresponding shape constraints on a segmentation, evolving the shape constraints to determine the segmentation of the adjacent...

The present invention provides an image-based measurement system or method wherein there is provided (101) an active image of a subject of measurement, showing the subject when active or in use, and there is provided (104, 105) a reference image of the subject of measurement, the reference image being of an image type different from the active image, and wherein the reference image and the active ...

Provided are a method and system for generating an input file using meta representation of compression of graphics data, and an animation framework extensions (AFX) encoding method and apparatus. The method of generating an input file includes preparing an extensible MPEG-4 textual (XMT) schema that defines a compression node, encoding parameters, and BitWrapperEncodingHints; preparing an XMT2BIFS...

Methodologies and systems to compare images with different levels of contrast are provided. Contrast is normalized between the images with different contrast levels and brightness is set. When normalizing contrast a derivative of gray level is determined for a first digital image having a first contrast level, and a derivative of gray level is determined for a second digital image having a second ...

Techniques are provided for reducing the number of maneuvers presented in narrative driving directions for a route from an origin location to a destination location. To do so, driving directions are not provided for maneuvers for areas with which a person is likely to be familiar, such as neighborhood streets near the person's house, office, or another familiar location. A route from a user-specif...

A miniature, rugged robotic vehicle suitable for a variety of tasks including covert surveillance and reconnaissance. The vehicle may include a unitary single-piece chassis that provides structural rigidity to the vehicle and protection of onboard equipment. The vehicle may be configured to be thrown or dropped into an intended target site from a remote location. In one embodiment, the vehicle may...

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a multi-layered unit for a multi-layered ceramic electronic component which can reliably prevent short circuit failure from occurring in a multi-layered ceramic electronic component and form an electrode layer in a desired manner. A method for manufacturing a multi-layered ceramic electronic component includes a step of...

This invention relates to composite materials for restorative dentistry. More particularly, it relates to new components for dental composites, which impart an attractive combination of good mechanical properties and low shrinkage.

A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus has a controller which controls an operation of a scan section in such a manner that the scan section executes a scan in an imaging sequence, based on the imaging sequence condition set so as to correspond to a slice tracking method by an imaging sequence condition setting unit, and controls the operation of at least one of the scan section and an image recon...