PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To image layers inclined with respect to a system axis with a small amount of technical expenditure by obtaining plural tomographic images at first from data obtained when an electronic calculating device scans a stereoscopic part and obtaining the tomographic images of the layers which are to be photographed and are inclined with respect to the system axis by means of recons...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pneumatic tire in which a performance change from the time of a new product until the last stage of wear can be suppressed. SOLUTION: A sipe 20 formed in a block 18 is inclined at both ends in the longitudinal direction and terminated in the block 18, and formed such that a length of the bottom side is longer than a length of the tread side. When the pneumatic ti...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the durability of a powder clutch by regulating the change gear ratio of a continuously variable transmission so that the output rotating speed is a set rotating speed or less, when the powder clutch is fastened in the operating state where the detected temperature of the powder clutch exceeds a set temperature, and thereafter quickly performing the fastening. SOLU...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid vehicle which enables smooth engine start regardless of the speed range of the vehicle even while the vehicle is traveling with a motor alone. SOLUTION: This hybrid vehicle has an engine 2 and a motor 4 as its drive sources, and the engine 2 is connected to the output shaft 6 of the motor 4 via an engine clutch 10. The hybrid vehicle has a starting clutch ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce discomfort imparted to the driver by means of a driving force controller which varies a driving force characteristic according to the gradient of a road surface. SOLUTION: This controller sets a reference travel resistance RLDTRQ according to vehicle speed VSP and computes an increment RESTRQ in travel resistance from the reference travel resistance RLDTRQ. The cont...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide precise engine brake characteristic by calculating the engine torque command value and change gear ratio command value for attaining a negative driving force command value or negative driving torque command value on the basis of engine brake characteristic, and controlling an engine and a continuously variable transmission according to it. SOLUTION: An engine contr...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a vehicle from being moved back in starting on an uphill slope as well as to lower brake fluid pressure in a wheel cylinder without delay in a case where the temperature of brake fluid is low and viscosity of brake fluid is high. SOLUTION: This vehicle with a motor is provided with an automatic transmission, a driving force decreasing device for decreasing driving ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To apply the control means to a motor-driven power steering device for a vehicle specifying no cooperative control to a vehicle specifying cooperative control without modifying the control means or by adding the minimum modification in a cooperative control device used for a vehicle and reducing a torque steering phenomenon by applying the cooperative control to driving force...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately carry out the operation inhibition of motor-driven power steering equipment in a cooperative control device used for a vehicle and reducing a torque steering phenomenon by applying cooperative control to driving force.braking force distributing equipment and motor-driven power steering equipment. SOLUTION: A first electronic control unit U1 enumerates a current ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a releasable package in an automatic winder in which winding and traversing are carried out by respective drive sources. SOLUTION: An automatic winder drives a package drive drum 6 and the a feather traverse device 10 by means of respective drive sources 8, 15. With this arrangement, a second traverse device 17 is used only when the operations of the package drive ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress jerking vibration at sudden acceleration in a vehicle which switches a load controlling method according to a load. SOLUTION: In a vehicle, which executes a T-J load control (S3) that controls a basic injection volume based on the throttle valve opening during light-load running and switches to a D-J load control (S5) that controls the basic injection volume based...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a load on the driver for braking operation. SOLUTION: This engine controller is for a hybrid vehicle which comprises an engine E as well as a motor M as driving power sources, and a brake negative pressure unit 4 that stops the operation of and permits starting of the engine E according to predetermined operating conditions, and is provided with a negative pressure ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent unnecessary correction of drive force during an engine torque fluctuation by decreasing calculation errors of the road load increase amount. SOLUTION: A controller corrects an estimated normal state engine torque ENGTRQ#m to estimate a true engine torque ENGTRQ and calculates a running resistance increase RESTRQ by subtracting a reference running resistance RLDTRQ ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively perform jerking suppression control at sudden acceleration or deceleration, in a vehicle which changes load control method according to loads and conducts a low stratified-charge combustion for a predetermined time between a stratified-charge combustion and uniform combustion. SOLUTION: During normal running, a stratified-charge combustion control in which air/...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent an engine stall, resulting from undershoot of engine revolution, even when a vehicle decelerates abruptly during fuel cut control. SOLUTION: An ABS computer 52 obtains a depressed amount and a depression speed of a brake pedal 48 from a brake pedal sensor 50 and detects an abrupt deceleration of a vehicle. When the abrupt deceleration of the vehicle is detected dur...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform a driving force control that is agreeable to the driver by accurately calculating a running resistance to serve as a reference. SOLUTION: This apparatus comprises driving torque calculating means 2, reference road load calculating means 3, and a target driving force correction control means 4. The driving torque calculating means 2 is for calculating a vehicle driv...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent misdiagnosis by detecting faults, while the engine of an automatic stop vehicle is operating, and deciding fault when integrated value of fault detection is above the first setting value, and prohibiting engine stop for the predetermined period, when the integrated value is larger than the second setting value (< the first setting value). SOLUTION: In controlling a...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quicken rise of cam thrust force when torque is reversed by providing cams on one side and the other side of a torque transmitting member operated by the relative movement in different directions, giving different angles of inclination to the cam faces of the torque transmitting member, and forming a narrow part for energizing and holding a rolling element between the cam ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the cost, the size and the weight by holding compatibility between a gear and a differential case in a differential device having no speed sensing-type differential limiting function. SOLUTION: A differential device is provided with a differential mechanism 3 for distributing driving force of an engine for rotating a differential case from helical pinion gears 11, 1...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve supporting rigidity and rotational accuracy of a bearing in addition to space efficiency by bringing a center of the bearing which rotatably supports a hub part of a ring gear close to a center of gravity of a planetary gear. SOLUTION: This transmission comprises a planetary gear 4 and a friction engagement device B2 disposed in an adjacent relationship. A ring gea...