A computer application is used to compile one or more target figures (1) for assessing and evaluating work performances achieved by a working unit, ie an individual, in relation to its working environment. The method comprises an initiation or planning phase for establishing a recording period and relevant targets or results, a registration or execution phase for collating relevant information, an...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a storage node formation method for a semiconductor device capable of uniformly maintaining capacitor capacitance and improving the reliability of an element by minimizing the loss difference of a conductive film at the center part and peripheral part of a cell area generated by an etch- back process at the time of separation of a storage node 26. SOLUTION: In this...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dielectric element, capable of effectively suppressing the diffusion of oxygen to an area positioned below a lower electrode at heat treatment for sintering an oxide-based dielectric film. SOLUTION: This dielectric element is provided with the lower electrode, provided with an IrSiN film 14 with a function for suppressing diffusion of oxygen, an SBT film 19 as th...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for encoding a series of image and decoding the coded image that can reduce the amount of information to be sent or stored when the image is digitized. SOLUTION: In the method for coding a series of images, the individual images are divided into pixel blocks, cosine transform is applied to the pixel blocks to provide coefficient blocks, and the quantizatio...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display device with a good balance between colors of EL elements and a good balance in emission intensity, which is capable of displaying brightly-hued images. SOLUTION: The greater current the pixel needs to be passed in the EL element, the greater the width of pulled-around wire through which voltage or current is to be supplied to the element concerned. With t...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lithography projection apparatus including an irradiating device for supplying a radiation projection beam, a support structure for supporting a pattern application means for applying a pattern to the projection beam according to a desired pattern, a substrate table for holding a substrate, and a projection device for projecting the beam having the pattern applie...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a washing processing method after etching highly effective for removing the damage area of PZT in a FeRAM laminated structure with high selectivity so as not to damage other constituting elements. SOLUTION: A washing processing (20) after etching to the semiconductor device of FeRAM or the like is disclosed. The processing includes the preparation of etchant contai...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a substrate processing apparatus and processing method for growing a dielectric film by a molecule layer unit. SOLUTION: First and second processing gas supply ports are provided so as to face each other across a substrate to be processed in a processing container, and first and second discharge ports in a slit shape are provided almost orthogonally to the flows of...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that a complicated computing and processing operation must be performed in each object probe and each object pad when a plurality of object probes 8A and their corresponding object pads are aligned. SOLUTION: In the alignment method, an object probe 8B and an object pad P are imaged respectively by an upper CCD camera 7A and a lower CCD camera 7B. A probe...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface acoustic wave filter that uses an interdigital transducer(IDT) not causing resonance so as to improve its square ratio to be steeper. SOLUTION: The surface acoustic wave filter is formed by placing a surface acoustic wave resonator consisting of the interdigital transducer and reflectors placed at both sides of it on a piezoelectric substrate to a series ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a semiconductor integrated circuit that has a circuit configuration permitting transmission of complementary signals in optimum timing. SOLUTION: The semiconductor integrated circuit has inverters 30, 50 and a PMOS transistor(TR) 109 arranged for a signal IN, and inverters 40, 60 and a PMOS TR 110 arranged with respect to the signal/IN substantially complementary t...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To transmit secret information with high security when the secret information is transmitted to a specific radio station through a radio line. SOLUTION: A propagation environment estimation part 101c estimates a radio propagation path environment shared with only a receiving station 102 as an object to which transmit data including the secret information are transmitted and t...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for effectively executing a composited picture transfer process over a network. SOLUTION: In transferring a composited picture formed by compositing a polurality of partial pictures photographed in a modality over a network, a picture transmitter transmits either the composited picture, original pictures being partial picture of the composited picture, or ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that an error takes place when a noise level is high in a system for digitizing an intermediate frequency to suppress an impulse noise. SOLUTION: A television tuner for a digital ground wave has inputting parts 2 to 15 for supplying a sampled intermediate signal, and for instance, a zero intermediate frequency is digitized by an ADC12 in accordance with a...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient sharing of a hardware processing stage in processing samples from a plurality of independent input sequences that are grouped prior to application to the processing arrangement by an efficient hardware architecture and processing method. SOLUTION: By applying a signal sequence Yi: j=0, 1, 2,..., MN-1} obtained by interleaving M-sets of signal sequence...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radio communication system or method for transmitting a message to a traveler especially by using the place or positional information of a wireless mobile unit. SOLUTION: The radio communication system receives information from the wireless mobile unit related to an information category and judges that the unit has entered an area including a site related to the ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To disclose a method that uses transmission power information so as to decide a data rate thereby integrating a voice service and a data service on a same frequency channel in which the available transmission power information indicates an amount of transmission power available for future data transmission on one data channel or more. SOLUTION: A transmitter or a base station...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a processor memory system by which a memory can be connected to a processor part without affecting the transmitting speed or processing speed of data and the operation of a processor when data access fails. SOLUTION: This system is provided with the processor part 2 including a processor 6 and an RAM memory 9, an external memory 3 connected to the processor part 2,...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automated method for processing of an image having pixels that emphasizes a main subject of the image. SOLUTION: A system and method for an automatic alteration to an image having pixels are disclosed. An image is segmented into regions, whose various features are extracted and used for the computation of reliability factors or belief values. The belief values a...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a conductive paste so as not to deteriorate by hardening, which is made of silicone resin in which scale-shaped silver powder is dispersed. SOLUTION: For the conductive paste, a scale-shaped silver powder, obtained by crushing under the wet condition containing a non-ionic surfactant, not containing the material inhibiting the hardening of silicon resine on its sur...