In a vertical, form-fill-seal, wrapping machine, downward flow of charges of product, from a charge dispenser 50 to the wrapper tube 21, is assisted by utilizing the Coanda effect to establish a pulsed product- entraining flow of gas in a nozzle 23 in the pathway which leads from the weigher to the wrapper tube.

A clutch assembly, constituting a component of a gear transmission, has two gear-carrying shaft extremities projecting from opposite sides of a clutch casing. One shaft extremity is provided with axially extending teeth, carried on its face or on a sleeve keyed thereto, normally engaging similar teeth on a confronting drive shaft. The other shaft extremity is mounted, by means of a combined journa...

Hair cutting apparatus comprising a housing; an AC electromagnet fixed in the housing and defining a gap; at least one permanent magnet disposed for reciprocating motion in the gap; a mounting member pivotally mounting the at least one permanent magnet about an axis fixed in the housing; and apparatus for drivingly connecting the mounting member to a hair cutting head for reciprocal motion of cutt...

Articles of cellular, rigid, polyvinyl chloride are made by expansion and hardening of a moulded and gelled mixture of polyvinyl chloride, an isocyanate, one or more blowing agents, and optionally one or more stabilisers; the process is carried out in a sealed chamber in an atmosphere of water vapour having a partial pressure of about 1 bar and a temperature of about 373 DEG K or more. Utilisation...

A superplasticizer cement admixture for portland cement based compositions formed from a low molecular weight alkali metal polyacrylate in combination with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal polynaphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde or an alkali metal lignosulfonate or an alkaline earth metal lignosulfonate or mixtures thereof.

Disclosed is an electrodepositable emulsion which comprises a soluble un-ionized polymer containing an amic acid or amide linking group, a non-electrolyzable organic solvent for the polymer and a non-electrolyzable organic non-solvent for the polymer. The weight ratio of the solvent to the non-solvent is about 0.1 to about 0.5 and the polymer is about 0.4 to about 5% by weight of the weight of the...

A two-phase material comprises particles of a higher-melting-point phase (e.g. iron) dispersed in a lower- melting-point matrix (e.g. aluminium), the particles being of a material soluble in the matrix at the melting- point of the matrix with no perceptible dissolution of the particles evident in the material. Such materials may n application as friction materials in brake pads, stair edging decki...

Water soluble polymers dispersed in a water-in-oil emulsion are treated to reduce the water content thereof to provide a polymer dispersed in oil which is stable to coagulation or agglomeration during subsequent treatment. The composition can be chemically modified and/or made self dissolving in water by addition of surfactant without polymer agglomeration.

A thermoplastic composition which comprises an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer admixture, a small amount of modifier selected from specific combinations of stearamide, behenamide, stearic acid and paraffin wax. Said composition is particularly suitable in the form of a packaging film having an antiblocking property provided by the synergistic effect of the special combinations of modifiers.

An automatic masking device for use in a printer, wherein a reproduction picture to be projected onto a photosensitive film sheet mounted on a holder is masked by a pair of masking plates which are separated at a certain distance away from the surface of the photosensitive film sheet, and are adapted to be movable over the surface of the film sheet so as to open and close the opening distance betw...

Untreated polyolefins, particularly polypropylene, have adherent thereto vinyl addition polymer of monomer comprising at least 5% by weight of one or more of the following primary monomers: (a) at least one monomer having the formula wherein X is -O-, -NH- or -NR<6>-; R<1> and R<2> are the same or different and are H, methyl or ethyl; R<3> and R<4> are the same or different and are H o...

An optical device for forming a stigmatic image of a laser source positioned at a predetermined point is intended to illuminate a reflecting surface while also providing a separation between the beam emerging from the source and the beam reflected from the surface. The device comprises a cube placed against a converging lens, the dimensions of the assembly thus formed being such that the cube face...

An optical apparatus is provided which comprises: a semiconductor laser having first and second emitting points for light emitted in the junction plane and perpendicular thereto, respectively; a cap element covering the semiconductor laser and having an aperture therein; means to produce focused light; and at least one plane-parallel, light transmitting body arranged in the aperture of the cap ele...

A two-phase material comprises a higher-melting phase dispersed in a lower-melting matrix. The material made by the method is new since, although it consists of particles of a higher-melting-point phase (e.g. iron) dispersed in a lower-melting-point matrix (e.g. aluminium), the particles being of a material soluble in the matrix at the melting-point of the matrix, no perceptible dissolution of the...

The linear saw blade (11) of the back rip saw (10) forms a leg of an articulated frame (12) which is designed as a parallelogram and, furthermore, comprises a tie rod (13), running parallel to the linear saw blade (11), and two articulated levers (14 and 15) which are rotatably mounted about bearings (16 and 17) in their centre area. A crank drive (19) acts on the articulated lever (15) via a conn...

Starch or starch-containing materials may be heated in an extruder press at elevated temperatures in the presence of water and a gas-forming or gas-generating expanding agent and extruded, with gelatinization to a starch foam product which, like synthetic foams, may be used for technical purposes or as a food.

A process is described for the removal of one or more heavy metals from an aqueous system containing at least two heavy metals by the addition of a soluble sulfide to precipitate at least one of said heavy metals as the sulfide thereof, which comprises adding an amount of soluble sulfide statistically determined to be sufficient to precipitate as the sulfide substantially all of at least one heavy...

Low-density crosslinked propylene polymer foams are prepared by mixing a propylene polymer with up to 20% of its weight of low molecular weight liquid polybutadiene(s) containing at least 35% by weight of 1,2-vinyl- polybutadiene and from 10 to 100% of its weight of EPDM rubber, EPM rubber or chlorinated polyethylene, together with a crosslinking or foaming agent, irradiating the mixture for cross...