A ferroelectric capacitor comprises a first electrode comprising an alloy of Ir and Ru, a ferroelectric layer disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the ferroelectric layer. A ferroelectric memory comprises a substrate and a plurality of memory cells arranged on the substrate. Each memory cell comprises a first electrode comprising an alloy of Ir and Ru, a ferroelectri...

A container capacitor and method of forming the container capacitor are provided. The container capacitor comprises a lower electrode fabricated by forming a layer of doped polysilicon within a container in an insulative layer disposed on a substrate; forming a barrier layer over the polysilicon layer within the container; removing the insulative layer to expose the polysilicon layer outside the c...

Iso-.alpha.-acids and reduced iso-.alpha.-acids in their free acids states a re converted into mobile resins by the addition of concentrated solutions of alkali metal hydroxides. The products may be used in brewing for the bitteri ng of beer and are most effectively used in an apparatus that automatically blends the product with water and injects the resultant, aqueous solution in to beer.

A radiotherapeutic apparatus employs a collimator (52) set below a radiation source (50) and is adapted to move along an arc (54) substantially centred o n the radiation source (50). As it sweeps the arc, the collimator (52) is adjusted so as to define the appropriate shape of radiation beam. A continuo us sweep over the patient avoids edge artefacts and localised accumulation of leakage.

CHAPA METÁLICA PRÉ-REVESTIDA E MÉTODO DE PRODUÇçO DE CHAPA METÁLICA PRÉ-REVESTIDA. A presente invenção refere-se a uma chapa metálica pré- revestida que é melhorada na prevenção de sombreado nas cores e em adesão e é produzida pelo revestimento simultãneo de múltiplas camadas. Na chapa metálica pré-revestida a rugosidade média na linha central Ra na in- terface da película de revestimento é de não...

The present invention describes a method of tracking minute ventilation from R-R intervals that are based on the acquisition of ECG signal. Sub-methods (RDF1), which are mainly based on heart rate variability, are used, wherein the respiratory frequency is determined from a pattern of rhythmic changes in heart beat data. The sub-methods (RDF1-n) are combined using an expert function, wherein each ...

A light guide assembly for illuminating an instrument surface includes a continuous curved transition portion for uniformly directing and transmitting light from a light source to a backlight surface of the instrument surface. The curved shape of the transition portion is tailored to transmit a desired amount of light into the backlight portion and a desired amount outwardly against a back surface...

An image forming apparatus of the present invention comprises an image carrier, a lubricant application device that applies a first lubricant to the image carrier surface, and a developing device that houses a developer to which a second lubricant is added and develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the image carrier. Here, the pure water contact angle theta1 of the first lubricant and t...

A method of producing a retinyl ester compound comprising subjecting a composition comprising retinyl or a retinyl ester and a fat or oil of animal or vegetable origins to enzyme catalysed trans-esterification in solvent free conditions to produce a retinyl ester.

The invention relates specifically to novel articles and, in particular, to non-woven articles comprising fibres and/or fibrids. The invention also relates to novel fibres and fibrids and to a method of producing said fibres and fibrids.

A microchannel polymerization reactor comprising: (a) a first microchannel adapted to carry a reactant stream; (b) a fluid conduit adapted to carry a fluid in thermal communication with the first microchannel; and (c) a static mixer in fluid communication with the first microchannel adapted to provide a mixing zone operative to change the cross-sectional fluid flow profile at a predetermined point...

An acoustic wave filter includes: a ladder filter that has acoustic wave resonators connected in series and parallel arms; an inductor that is provided between a ground and at least one of the parallel-arm resonators in the ladder filter; and a resonance circuit that is provided in parallel with the inductor, and is located between the ground and the parallel-arm resonators in the ladder filter. I...

A computerized method of video analysis including receiving image data for a plurality of video frames depicting a scene that includes at least one of a plurality of background features. Each video frame includes s a plurality of image regions and at least one video frame has an object within at least one of the image region. A plurality of background classifications is provided that correspond to...

A system and method of tracking moving targets in video images comprises retrieving a reference video frames each comprising arrays of digital pixels; computing a first averaged image for each of the reference video frames, wherein each pixel value of the first averaged image comprises an average pixel intensity value associated with all corresponding pixel values in the reference video frames; co...

A method and device for image processing to determine image characteristics includes operations of segmenting of first images to create segmentation contours corresponding to the first images; and registering the segmented first images to second images. Further, operations of transferring the segmentation contours from the first images to second images; and fitting the transferred segmentation con...

A method of detecting a nodule in a three-dimensional scan image comprises calculating a three-dimensional sphericity index for each point in the scan image (310-330), applying a high sphericity threshold to the sphericity index (340) to obtain a candidate nodule region, and then performing region-growing (350) from the candidate region using a relaxed sphericity threshold to determine an extended...

A smooth portion is efficiently extracted from an image. There is provided an entropy filter in which a noted pixel (x, y) is determined in an original image, said image is partitioned by a window of size (width, height)=(A, B) from the noted pixel, entropy of the partitioned window is calculated, and obtained entropy value is saved on the coordinates (x, y) of a resulting image. Here, in a noted ...

An image processing apparatus for correcting red eye phenomenon in a photographic image is disclosed. The apparatus includes a fog degree calculating section for calculating a degree of red fog present in a face area, based on values of pixels included in the face area selected from the photographic image, a red eye correction degree determining section for determining a red eye correction degree ...

A system and method for multi-label image segmentation is provided. The method comprises the steps of: receiving image data including a set of labeled image elements; mapping a change in intensities of the image data to edge weights; determining potentials for each image element in the image data; and assigning a label, based upon the determined potentials, to each image element in the image data.

A method for recognizing an object in an image is disclosed wherein a fractal map of the image is generated by estimating the fractal dimension of each pixel in the image. The fractal map may be segmented by thresholding and locations of candidate objects are determined. The pixel value of the image pixel corresponding to the same location where the candidate object is found in the fractal map may...