A method of analyzing elements of a metal melt contained in a melting vessel comprises the following steps: introducing an inert gas at a temperature in excess of 300.degree.C laterally into a tube passing through a lateral wall of the melting vessel and opening thereinto; generating a laser beam; passing the laser beam through an adjustable first lens system; reflecting the laser beam by a mirror...

The present patent application discusses a frequency translation apparatus for altering the effective frequency of the phase information of an input signal (115). The input signal (115) has a first phase ((theta)(t)) and a first frequency (fi). The phase of the input signal is extracted and digitized at a second frequency (fo), forming a second N-bit digital phase signal ((theta)'(t))(311). The fr...

The present invention includes an umbrella which converts to at least two separate canopy configurations. The umbrella has a closed position, from which it can be opened and latched into at least one middle position. Such a middle position can be used as a car window shade to shade the car from sun entering the front windshield. Alternatively, the middle position can be a partially opened position...

A closed cell, rigid polyisocyanurate foam which comprises the reaction product of a polyisocyanate and a polyol in the presence of (a) a hydrogen-containing blowing agent or a mixture of a hydrogen-containing blowing agent and at least one co-blowing agent, and (b) a siloxane oxyalkylene copolymer (i) having a molecular weight below about 7500 and an oxyalkylene portion containing greater than 60...

Rigid, closed cell polyisocyanurate foams are prepared by reacting together a polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol or a mixture of a polyester polyol and at least one other isocyanate-reactive compound in the presence of (a) a hydrogen-containing blowing agent or a mixture of a hydrogen-containing blowing agent and at least one co-blowing agent and (b) a catalyst mixture comprising (i) a carboxyl...

Rigid polyurethane foams having low thermal conductivity values are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic material having at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms and an OH value of from about 200 to about 650 in the presence of a blowing agent. The blowing agent is a mixture of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) or dichlorofluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and fr...

Process for the manufacture of a polyester masterbatch containing finely divided solid additives in homogenous and agglomerate-free distribution, through the mixing, within a homogenizing extruder, of the powdery additive into the polyester, whereby, separately from the addition of the additive, small quantities of a diol are additionally fed into the extruder.

A security system uses a base unit and a portable transceiver which cooperate to provide automatic monitoring of a secure perimeter. An intrusion sensor is employed to activate a transmitter for emitting a selected frequency wave energy challenge transmission upon the detection of an intruder either outside the perimeter or entering the perimeter. If the intruder has the portable transceiver prese...

The disclosure relates to a forearm support strap for supporting various types of portable electronic equipment or instruments. The forearm support strap includes three exposed pile areas which will receive various types of equipment that has been provided with a mating Velcro loop strip on its base. A plurality of quick-release buckles are included to provide secure attachment to the user's forea...

A liquid chromatographic system comprising (a) at least one separation module (4); (b) at least one flow line (5); and (c) optionally at least one ancillary module (7). The system is characterized in that the modules (4 and 7) have functionally similar end-connecting means (8); in that two or more functionally similar connecting devices (6) are provided along the flow line (5) and intended for con...

A liquid chromatographic system comprising (a) at least one separation module (4); (b) at least one flow line (5); and (c) optionally at least one ancillary module (7). The system is characterized in that the modules (4 and 7) have functionally similar end-connecting means (8); in that two or more functionally similar connecting devices (6) are provided along the flow line (5) and intended for con...

AN OVERSHOE FOR AN ORTHOPAEDIC CAST An overshoe is provided for an orthopaedic cast such as a plaster cast. The overshoe comprises a sole, an upper piece connected to the sole and a toe cap. The upper piece has first and second parts adapted to receive a plaster cast in the overshoe and has fastening means, such as a "Velcro" (Trade Mark) fastening, allowing those parts to be fastened together to ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING PLANT FLUORESCENCE An apparatus and method for determining the photosynthetic activity of a plant by determining the chlorophyll fluorescence of the plant is provided. The apparatus includes a light impermeable housing, a light to illuminate the housing, a light intensity in the housing and to adjust the light intensity controller. The light intensity may be be...

This invention relates to an apparatus and process for producing frozen particles of a liquid product having a liquid product nozzle for introducing liquid product droplets to be frozen and a plurality of cryogenic nozzles for introducing a cryogenic liquid directed away from the liquid product droplets.

An abdomen exercising apparatus is disclosed having a back rest supported on two curved supports at two opposite sides of a base thereof by two cranks and two elastic elements, which elastic elements are respectively connected between the curved supports and the cranks to constantly pull up the cranks for permitting the back rest to be disposed at a top position perpendicular to a cushion on the b...

There is disclosed a method of treating a solution, e.g., an alkaline or acidic solution, containing heavy metals ions therein. With respect to alkaline solutions, the method includes providing a body of the solution; contacting the body with a material such as carbon dioxide to change the pH, e.g., to lower the pH to a pH in the range of 9 to 10.5; then treating the solution to further change the...

A process for producing foamed articles containing thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonates is disclosed. Accordingly, thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonates are mixed with about 0.01 to 10% by weight of Al2O3(H2O)3 and the mixture is either extruded in an extruder at temperatures from 220 DEG C. to 320 DEG C. without application of a vacuum to produce foamed molded articles or it is injection molde...

A process for the preparation of an aromatic polyimide film includes the steps of casting a polyamide acid solution containing an imidization agent on a support in the form of a film, heating the filmy cast solution on the support at a temperature of 80 DEG to 200 DEG C. to obtain a self-supportable film; peeling the self-supportable film from the support; and further heating the film at a tempe...

A process is disclosed for the pretreatment of a carbon-coated substrate to provide a uniform high density of nucleation sites thereon for the subsequent deposition of a continuous diamond film without the application of a bias voltage to the substrate. The process comprises exposing the carbon-coated substrate, in a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system, to a mixture of hydro...

This invention relates to porous polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter PTFE) materials having the property of rapid recovery and a method for producing these materials. The microstructure of the porous PTFE material consists of nodes interconnected by fibrils, substantially all of the fibrils having a bent or wavy appearance. Articles made from these materials are particularly suitable for use in t...