A leather layer is burned, preferably under a protective gas blanket, with a laser beam to increase the water vapor permeability for use of the leather in automotive vehicle seats.

An electric punch includes a main body frame (1) having two punching holes (35,35) leading to a waste storage chamber (4) below. A pair of guide bores (34,34) support a pair of punching blocks (36,36) aligned with, and movable into, the respective punching holes (35,35). Two operation arms (40,40) are pivoted on respective holders. Each operation arm (40,40) is connected to one punching block (36)...

PURPOSE:To prevent noise from occurring and lower the fuel consumption during the 2-wheel drive operation by providing a viscous coupling, which connects a hub member and a casing via viscous fluid, and a clutch means, which is located between the hub member and a shaft and which can make selectively engage/disengage the casing with the hub member/shaft. CONSTITUTION:When slide clutches 99 and 101...

A superplastic composite material is produced by thoroughly and homogeneously mixing particles or whiskers of silicon nitride and aluminum metal powder in a solvent, then removing the solvent from the resultant mixture, sintering the residual mixture at an elevated temperature, further compressing it at an elevated temperature, then hot extrusion-molding the compressed mixture thereby forming a sh...

PURPOSE:To prevent torque transmission efficiency from being deteriorated in travelling as well as a synchronization device from being worn as possible by providing on the synchronization device an adjusting mechanism for producing drag torque. CONSTITUTION:A rotation operating mechanism has a lever 14 fixedly mounted on a shaft 8 projecting from a shift lever housing 1, a link arm 15, a spring 16...

In a vehicle having a brake fluid pressure controller arranged to control brake fluid pressure on following and driving wheels, one independently of the other, a brake fluid pressure retaining device arranged to retain brake fluid pressure for parking by means of said fluid pressure controller and an engine revolution controller, a method for controlling the start of the vehicle comprising the ste...

PURPOSE:To stabilize carrier supporting by constituting a carrier to reach both a first output shaft side periphery and a second output shaft side periphery. CONSTITUTION:While a carrier 3 is formed with a supporting portion 5 at the second output shaft side, a case 9 formed with a supporting portion 11 at the second output shaft side is provided integrally with the supporting portion 5. Thus, sin...

PURPOSE:To enhance the cooling efficiency of oil by providing a large capacity main pump and a small capacity sub-pump so as to constitute an oil pump assembly thereby reducing loss in the output of an engine which is consumed by the oil pump assembly. CONSTITUTION:In a hydraulic control circuit for a transmission, an oil pump assembly is composed of a large capacity main pump 1a and a small capac...

PURPOSE:To aim at reducing the number of solenoid valves by enabling oil discharged from an oil pump to be selectively fed to both cylinders for a clutch and a transmission by use of one solenoid selector valve. CONSTITUTION:In a hydraulic circuit for a hydraulically controlled clutch and a transmission, a clutch hydraulic pressure control valve 5 controls hydraulic oil in a hydraulic oil feed pas...

PURPOSE:To change a compressive fluid in each pressure container into a highpressure fluid so as to store natural energy in the form of pressure by utilizing the natural energy to cause water or another liquid to flow into each pressure container being filled with the compressive fluid. CONSTITUTION:Water or another liquid 2 to be injected into pressure containers 4a, 4b,..., 4n compresses a compr...

PURPOSE:To set oil pressure down to a clutch operating one, by installing a perfect connection control valve having a valve body which is coupled with a speed change control mechanism adjusting the position of a speed change control valve and shifts itself according to the position of a rod. CONSTITUTION:In time of starting, a rod 182 of a clutch perfect connection control valve 108 is shifted to ...

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of error by carrying out initialization after an actuator for speed change is once operated to the position where a speed- change standard position sensor is switched, when the actuator is already shifted to the signal correcting position. CONSTITUTION:A speed-change standard position sensor C which detects that a speed-change actuator B for controlling the speed ...

PURPOSE:To effectively prevent shocks upon gear shift, by regulating the transmitting torque of a speed change gear so that the deviation between an engine generating torque which is estimated in accordance with the opening degree of a throttle valve, and an actually measured engine transmission torque becomes zero. CONSTITUTION:A torque detector 3 is disposed between an engine 1 and a speed chang...

PURPOSE:To prevent function of an automatic brake against temporal stoppage for putting into a barn by producing an output signal with a time lag against the stop detection signal during occurrence of a back speed change position detecting signal. CONSTITUTION:It is comprising an automatic parking brake system, a parking brake mechanism 10, a motor mechanism 20 and an electric control circuit 30. ...

PURPOSE:To prevent a starting without a driver's will, by composing an automatic speed change gear which doesn't exercise a starting action as far as a side brake signal is not released, regardless of the output of the engine load signal and the car speed signal. CONSTITUTION:An automatic speed change controller 12 and an electron governor controller 2 are both composed of microcomputers. On the o...

PURPOSE:To improve the adhesion between active material and retainer by making a gelling product that is swollen by an electrolyte adhere onto the surface of retainer beforehand, combining it with a plate, housing them in a battery, and injecting the electrolyte. CONSTITUTION:Aerozol 2 made of SiO2 is made to adhere onto one-side surface of retainer 1 made of nonwoven fabric of glass fiber in a pa...