Wear parts of machinery have embedded within them optically recognisable elements, exposure of which is an indication of the state of wear. Corresponding wear parts, as well as wearing plates which slide on top of each other each have at least one element for indicating a state of wear. In the non-wearing reverse side of the wearing plates are embedded elements of material of up to the hardren of ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control the water content of discharged cake, etc., by providing a conveyor rotating at an angular speed different from that of a bowl and a spiral screw within the bowl and attaching gate elements with the space changeable to the conveyor. SOLUTION: A cake discharge opening 18 and a liq. phase discharge opening 20 are provided to one end of a bowl 12 rotatable on its long...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently produce an electrode board for battery at a low cost by generating suction force in a groove part of a mold with a suction means to stick molten alloy on the groove part, solidifying the stuck molten alloy and separating the obtd. formed body from the mold. SOLUTION: At the time of bringing the molten alloy 2 spouted upward with the suction pump 3 into contact ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify first and second hydraulic cylinders, first and second operation valves and a transmission system in a traveling speed change structure of a work vehicle constituted so as to perform speed change operation on a traveling gear speed change type transmission system by the first and the second hydraulic cylinders on the basis of a speed change command. SOLUTION: A ge...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To conduct transverse sealing at a high speed without causing lack of close contact in a wrapping film and generating wrinlkes in a transverse seal. SOLUTION: A long thermal melting wrapping film is guided to a molding chute 2 and folded in two along the longitudinal direction. Vertical sealing is carried out for formation of a tube by vertical thermal melting means 3, 3 whic...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To certainly melt and weld a film even when an article is to be packaged with a particularly thick film and improve the strength of the welded part. SOLUTION: A melting and welding device comprises a melting blade 12 to be heated by a heater 13 and a seal receiving stage 10 where a film for packing material to be run out is to be pressed by the melting blade 12. In a packing ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease mechanical and electric shock in releasing of a brake by applying reverse torque in relation to transmission torque from an engine when the rotation of a generator is fixed by a control means and when fixing is released. SOLUTION: When a generator brake 28 is released, torque TEG to be transmitted from an engine 11 to a generator 16 is estimated, and the obtained ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase a transfer ratio without changing the angles of a differential case and the conical surface of a side gear, by arranging a cone ring between the differential case and the side gear to generate friction resistance on three or more sliding surfaces. SOLUTION: Sliding occurs by relative rotations between the inner peripheral surfaces of a first cone rings 18A and 18B...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To give rotational friction resistance to side gears to obtain initial torque, by arranging pressurized members to one side or both sides between both side gears and between the respective side gears and a differential case. SOLUTION: Thrust washers 31 are arranged between side gears 13 and 15 and a differential case 3 respectively. Also thrust washers 33 and 35 and a link-li...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a differential gear capable of stably obtaining a differential limiting function, by providing viscous fluid for limiting the differential of an actuation gear mechanism and a moving operating member, deformed by temperature charge and for moving a moving member when temperature rises. SOLUTION: A varition compensating mechanism 69 is provided between pinion gear se...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the outward appearance of a vehicle body, by providing a decorative cover for covering from outside a disklike cover for closing the opening of a mission case, also facilitate molding an O ring inserting annular groove in the disklike cover, and moreover facilitate the assembly of the disklike and decorative covers to the mission case. SOLUTION: A circular opening ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To estimate the input rotating speed of an automatic transmission of an automobile without using a sensor and improve estimating accuracy. SOLUTION: Engine torque Te is obtained from engine speed Ne and the information of at least one of throttle opening &theta , engine intake air quantity, fuel injection quantity and intake pipe negative pressure, using a map 21. Torque Tk o...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain smooth coasting on a downward slope with varied gradients without making a driver feel uncomfortable by continuously changing the target input rotating speed by adding the correction quantity per unit time in the case of acceleration exceeding the threshold during coasting. SOLUTION: A speed change controller 7 is connected to an engine controller 6 to send a change...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce speed change shock in upshift so as to avoid the lowering of operating feeling, the worsening of fuel consumption and the increase of noise and vibration by increasing the locking capacity of a lock-up clutch at the operation of an engine output torque increasing means. SOLUTION: When a speed change signal from second gear speed to third gear speed, for instance, is...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prolong battery life by preventing sulfuration of negative active material. SOLUTION: A group of plates in a battery jar 10 are electrically divided into a group of upper plates 15 and a group of lower plates 25, so that the upper part of the storage battery where the group of upper plates 15 are located and the lower part of the storage battery where the group of lower pl...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lead-acid battery which can be assembled under high compression without causing damage to the end plates in a group of plates and is enhanced in discharge performance through reduction in weight by combining a cast grating and expanded metal gratings. SOLUTION: In a group of plates which comprises a positive plate 1, negative plates 2, 3, and a separator 4, a cas...

An optical device (7) for use in optical write, read, inspection or measuring apparatuses is described, which device comprises a diode laser (8) for generating a radiation beam (11) and an optical system (9) for concentrating and guiding the radiation beam. Since the diode laser is a pulsed laser and since a feedback element (27) is arranged in the radiation path at a specific distance (d) from th...

A public key cryptographic system is disclosed with enhanced digital signature certification which authenticates the identity of the public key holder. A hierarchy of nested certifications and signatures are employed which indicate the authority and responsibility levels of the individual whose signature is being certifified. The certifier in constructing a certificate generates a special message ...

Concentrated, aqueous, colloidal dispersions of tetrafluoroethylene polymers having a polymer solids content of 25 to 70% by weight, which comprise, as the dispersion stabilizer, an amine oxide of the formula (I) in which R1 is an alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms or a mixture of such alkyl radicals and R2 is an alkyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or a mixture of such alky...

A metallizes film structure comprising an oriented polymeric substrate layer having thereon a coating layer and a metallized layer on the coating layer.