PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fiber which enables the arrangement of an electrode in a position sufficiently near a core in order for a modulator to function adequately without requiring polishing and is used for such an electrooptic device as a fiber modulator. SOLUTION: This optical fiber 40 modulates the light signal to be transmitted through the fiber 40 and has the refractive index chang...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily adjust the capacity of a laminated capacitor in accordance with the size of the surface of the mounted electrode and the thickness of a dielectric intermediate layer by a method wherein at least a capacitor, consisting of the first electrode, dielectric paste and the second electrode, is formed on a structure. SOLUTION: Ceramic sheets 4 to 7 are compressed by a lami...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a semiconductor device which prevents an element from being broken down when it is turned off so as to be changed into a backward bias state from a forward bias state and whose recovery-resistance amount is enhanced by a method wherein the end part of a low-lifetime region which is formed partly at the outside of a projection part in a second semiconductor region in...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily alter or add a function at low cost by providing a ROM which is previously stored with a function program and a rewritable flash memory, and storing a received function program in this memory. SOLUTION: A CPU 12 which controls the operation of the whole device, a ROM 13 for the CPU which is previously stored with the function program, etc., of the device, a RAM for ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To change a program on a real time basis after the program is stored by providing a means for discriminating whether a prescribed program change condition for changing the program during an operation is realized or not and changing the program only when the program change condition is discriminated to be realized. SOLUTION: When the rewrite request of the program is given fro...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To contribute to low power consumption in a liquid crystal display system using a TFT or a computer system such as a personal portable terminal (PDA), etc., using it. SOLUTION: A latch circuit 3 storing an image data signal and a drive signal generation circuit 4 driving a liquid crystal 8 based on the image data signal stored in the latch circuit 3 are provided answering to ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a compd. useful as coloring and recording blanks in the field of polymeric coloring materials, electrophotographic photosensitive materials, etc., by using a specific asymmetric bis-squallyl compd. having an arom. ring at 3 position of one squallyl ring. SOLUTION: The bis-squallyl compd. expressed by the formula is used. In the formula, substituents R<1> , R<2> deno...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a low BER(bit error rate) and high transmission efficiency compatible in a radio communication controller where an asynchronous transfer mode(ATM) cell is converted into a radio packet and transmitted by radio wave. SOLUTION: The ATM cell of 424 bits is transmitted by radio wave between the terminal equipment of ATM-LAN and an exchange in the radio communication contr...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for mounting a semiconductor element wherein the workability and reliability are high and downsizing is allowed. SOLUTION: A TAB tape 1 provided with a base film 2, a device hole 3 and a film lead 4 is prepared, and a tapered surface 2a is formed at the edge on the side of the device hole 3 of the base film 2. Then, the protruding electrode 6 of a semicond...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent internal air from being freely inflated or contracted and prevent the internal air from being replaced with the outside air, in a hard vessel, for instance, a lighting fixture having a closed internal space, by providing a capacity variable part. SOLUTION: An air pressure maintaining device 12 is provided in a lamp housing 2 of a lighting fixture 1. In this device ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an adaptive equalization circuit converge quickly by a method wherein an optimum value at the time of the previous operation is used as an initial value of a coefficient of an operation of adaptive equalization at the time point when the operation accompanied by readout of data from a recording medium is started. SOLUTION: In a period when an operation state change si...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a high performance shield property even when strain of a connector and sink-down, etc., of a connection part of a processor side exist. SOLUTION: A contact piece spring 44 is constituted of a barrel part 44A bent formed in a nearly U shape and a pair of upper/lower contact pieces 44B projecting from the body part 44A to a terminal part side of a set-up board. plural...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To fix a temperature to be reached by a semiconductor single crystal substrate at the time of heat treatment so as to unify a crystal quality of a semiconductor crystal substrate to be subjected to heat treatment by controlling a heating output according to reflectance of the back of a semiconductor single crystal substrate. SOLUTION: In the case of performing heat treatment ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a floating spacer ring having elasticity in dimensions in order to elastically clamp a splash shield in a specific position of a board vacuum processing chamber without using a detachable clamper. SOLUTION: A shield clamp assembly comprise a lower part 78 of an adapter ring 76, a spacer ring 84, a clamp ring 104, and an insulative ring 58. A flange of a splash shield 9...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a DZ layer of the same degree as that in the case of pretreating at a high temperature by gas-phase growing the same conductivity type impurity as that of a substrate on the first layer directly above a silicon single crystal substrate by a Czochralski method in substantially the same concentration in the entire layer and on the second layer directly above the first...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating method capable of heating by setting a temperature of a body to be heated to a real desired temperature irrespective of dopant concentration or resistivity of the body to be heated, when the body to be heated is heated by a radiant heater using a radiant thermometer as a temperature detector. SOLUTION: In a method for heating a body to be heated by a radi...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To precisely determine the residual capacity of a battery even when the temperature or discharge condition of the battery is varied by calculating the open voltage from the terminal voltage and discharge current of the battery, and determining the residual capacity of the battery from the correlation between open voltage and discharge capacity. SOLUTION: An open voltage V0 an...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and precisely notify of the life of a battery pack by preliminarily storing information for the life of a battery cell and the maximum charge and discharge cycle number corresponding thereto in a battery pack, and displaying the life when the present cycle number of the battery cell reaches the maximum charge and discharge cycle number. SOLUTION: A battery pack 1 ha...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To precisely measure the change of magnetic fields from extremely short period to long period even under a high radiation environment having a strict temperature change condition such as nuclear heating. SOLUTION: Two ferromagnetic metal thin film resistance patterns 2, 3 having substantially the same form and substantially equal resistance change ratio to temperature are arr...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a neutral particle incident device having a vacuum vessel miniaturized and reduced in manufacturing cost. SOLUTION: Vessels of an ion source tank 12 and a neutralized cell tank 26 are made of a stainless clad steel formed of a composite material of SS 400 (soft steel) base material &beta and SUS 304 (stainless steel). The soft steel plays the role of holding the v...