A method of forming a contact hole in a semiconductor device is provided wherein an oxide spacer is formed over a contact hole. The oxide contact hole spacer prevents an already-formed gate protecting spacer comprised of silicon nitride from being etched during a subsequent step of removing the already-formed silicon nitride etching stopper. After forming a gate stack having the protecting spacer,...

A new method of fabricating an inductor utilizing air as an underlying barrier in the manufacturing of integrated circuits is described. A field oxide region is formed in and on a semiconductor substrate and then removed whereby a well is left in the semiconductor substrate. A polish stop layer is deposited over the substrate and within the well. The polish stop layer is covered and the well fille...

Capacitor constructions and methods of forming the same are described. In one implementation, a capacitor container is formed over a substrate and includes an internal surface and an external surface. At least some of the external surface is provided to be rougher than at least some of the internal container surface. A capacitor dielectric layer and an outer capacitor plate layer are formed over a...

First conductive layers having structures similar to that of a storage node of a memory cell capacitor are isolated from each other, and are commonly and electrically connected to a third conductive layer. A second conductive layer corresponding to a cell plate of the memory cell capacitor is formed on the first conductive layers with a capacitor insulating film therebetween. Opposed portions of t...

This invention provides a capacitor including a metal lower electrode having an undulated shape and an improved electrode area, and a method of manufacturing the same. A capacitor for data storage is formed on a semiconductor substrate (not shown) via an insulating interlayer having a contact plug. The capacitor has a lower electrode whose inner and outer surfaces are rough or undulated such that ...

A process for isolating and/or identifying at least one active chemical substance from a mixture of active and inactive chemical substances, is characterized by the steps: a) adding a target to said mixture and forming a complex of target and at least one active chemical substance of the mixture, b) separating the complex from the inactive chemical substances of the mixture, and either c) liberati...

An integrated high voltage capacitive coupling circuit includes a set of closely matched high voltage capacitors (32) which are integrated with one or more other circuit components (34, 36), which can include both high and low voltage components, on a bonded and trenched dielectrically isolated silicon wafer (10A). Two or more high voltage capacitors can be matched to within 1 % of their capacitan...

A guide tube formed of a non-magnetically permeable material is coaxially disposed in a brake drum coupled to a rotational shaft and a magnet support tube formed of a non-magnetically permeable material is axially movably supported within the guide tube. A plurality of magnets are supported at equal annular intervals on the outer wall of the magnet support tube and proximal surfaces of ferromagnet...

In method for soldering metal microstructured plates, stacks of plates and solder layers are prepared by placing the solder layers between each adjacent plate. The thickness of the solder layers range from 3 to 25 mum. The stack is then soldered by heating it in a vacuum or an inert atmosphere.

A fluid transfer device connecting a medicinal vessel and an intravenous (IV) bag for enabling the mixing in closed system of the two products contained therein by means of a syringe, comprising a three-way plug valve assembly (3) with a first port ending in a connector (5) for a syringe, and a second and a third port (8, 7), each one provided into a respective spike (1, 2) connected to a housing ...

A venting tape for use in venting an enclosed article space to be filled with an injected expandable foam material. The venting tape includes a polymeric film having a plurality of minute perforations formed therethrough. The perforations are sized to allow the passage of a gas therethrough yet prevent the passage of expandable foam insulation. The venting tape further includes an adhesive layer o...

The present invention relates to genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which are essential for germination and proliferation of S. cerevisiae and using the identified genes or their encoded proteins as targets for highly specific antifungal agents, insecticides, herbicides and anti-proliferation drugs. The present invention provides antisense molecules and ribozymes comprising sequences complementary ...

A dental restorative composition is disclosed, comprising: (a) a methacrylate or acrylate monomer, (b) an organic-inorganic composite filler prepared by curing a mixture of a particulate filler having a mean particle size of 20 nm or less with a methacrylate or acrylate monomer having a viscosity of 60 cP or more and pulverizing the cured mixture, (c) a particulate filler having a mean particle si...

A magnetic drive adapter for use with a plurality of outer drive magnet assemblies having various diameter drive hubs is disclosed. The magnetic drive adapter includes a hollow cylindrical portion having an external protrusion extending axially along the outer surface of the hollow cylindrical portion, and an internal protrusion extending axially along the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical p...

An interior rearview mirror system for use in a vehicle includes an information display providing the status of a supplemental inflatable restraint system (SIRS) to the driver or a passenger in the vehicle. The SIRS status information display includes a light-emitting display element responsive to the SIRS to indicate enablement of the SIRS, and preferably to an automatic occupant sensor included ...

An image desired to be reproduced is scanned to determine its video pixel gray values. A histogram generator generates a histogram distribution representing a frequency of the gray values. The histogram distribution is analyzed to determine a background peak gray value of the image and a standard deviation of the histogram distribution based on a Gaussian approximation. A thresholding circuit dyna...

A power supply unit provides therein a first power unit outputting a first excitation amplitude and operating from rising of a reference pulse signal outputted from a reference oscillator until rising of a first time delay signal having a time delay to the reference pulse signal, a second power unit outputting a second excitation amplitude and operating from rising of the first time delay signal u...

A refractive-index grating fabricated in an optical fiber having a multilayer coating and a method for making refractive-index patterns such as gratings in optical fibers such that the mechanical properties of the original fiber are preserved. The patterns are written into the optical fiber by partially stripping away the outer coating of the fiber, exposing the core of the fiber through the remai...

A vehicle display system includes an electroluminescent display showing images of a plurality of control switches within the vehicle. Whenever one of the control switches is accessed by a vehicle operator, a controller alters the image of that control switch. The altered image can be highlighted or have a different color, for example. The visual indication of which switch is being accessed provide...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a vitamin A aldehyde and to obtain an intermediate. SOLUTION: This method for producing a vitamin A aldehyde of general formula (2) (Ar is an aryl group which may contain a substituent) comprises reacting an aldehyde derivative of general formula (1) with a base.