PURPOSE:To obtain a low-cost color sensor which discriminates the color of a body by light reflection by providing the sensor with plural photodetection parts, photodetecting reflected light through optical fibers which differ in wavelength dispersion characteristics, and performing color discrimination from the ratio of the respective quantities of photodetection. CONSTITUTION:Elements of the sam...

In engine torque control in a motor vehicle having an engine and a stepping type of transmission, input and output speeds of the transmission are constantly detected by sensors disposed in input and output portions of the transmission, thereby obtaining a gear ratio (measured value) of the transmission. If the ratio of the difference between this gear ratio and a predetermined gear ratio before th...

The conventional soft iron parts and insulating parts of the motor unit (1, 7 and 9) of an electromagnetic relay are replaced by moulded plastics parts loaded with magnetic material having a magnetic permeability similar to that of the iron part they replace and having a high electrical insulation. Cheaper and more efficient relays can be manufactured in this way.

A control system for a motor vehicle drive train including a continuously variable transmission is disclosed wherein a command signal is generated in response to the sum of an integral control factor and a proportional control factor, and the integral control factor is suppressed to almost zero when a deviation of a reduction ratio representative parameter from a target value is greater than a pre...

A method of knotting with a clamp adjacent an axis and a two-jaw knotting head rotatable about the axis comprises the steps of first wrapping a strand around an object to be trussed with the strand ends together and gripping and retaining the strand ends together in the clamp with one of the strand end portions passing under the jaws of the knotting head and then upward to the object, the other st...

A length measuring device for thread-like structures, especially textile threads, which are wound onto a cross-wound package or bobbin, possesses a substantially greater accuracy than heretofore known length measuring devices due to a more exact allowance for the geometric and kinematic relationships in the winding device. In particular, the slippage between the cross-wound package or bobbin and t...

An apparatus for the high-frequency artificial respiration of living animals or human beings has a flexible endotracheal tube for introduction into the trachea thereof. The flexible endotracheal tube has an outlet end, a valve at the outlet end and control and air supplies along the endotracheal tube to the valve. The control operates the valve to produce steep-flanked respiratory-air pulses. The ...

Ethylene alpha, internal nonconjugated diene unsaturated copolymers and higher interpolymers having structural characteristics that provide improved physical properties and processability. The ethylene polymers of the invention have narrow molecular weight distribution and/or narrow composition distribution and/or a low cluster index. Ethylene/1,4-hexadiene and ethylene/vinyl cyclohexene polymers ...

Ethylene/1,5-hexadiene copolymers and higher interpolymers having structural characteristics that provide improved physical properties and processability. The ethylene polymers of the invention have narrow molecular weight distribution and/or narrow composition distribution and/or a low cluster index. The 1,5-hexadiene comonomer is predominantly incorporated as a cyclic ring in the polyethylene ba...

A process for the production of carboxylic acids by the hydrocarboxylation of olefinically unsaturated alkenes or esters using a rhodium catalyst, an iodide promoter, a solvent selected from the class consisting of methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, and C6 to C9 aromatic solvents, and an accelerator which is an acid having a pKa in the range of 4.2 to 5.2.

In order to achieve a mechanical retraction of piles in a sheet feeding apparatus with a lifting table, the lifting table can be lowered to the level of the floor and serves to take up, one at a time, a pile supporting surface loaded with a pile of sheets. Each of the pile supporting surfaces is in the form of a mobile carriage and there is a carriage retracting mechanism with a tugging device whi...

The tool comprises a long, cylindrical tool rod (11) with a drill part (11a) on the tip and a fitting part (11c) to prevent its rotation, formed near the end opposite to the tip. A holder (12) has an engaging part (12a) which allows either end of the tool rod to be inserted detachably into it and engages with the fitting part to prevent the rotation of the tool rod and further prevents the inserti...

A microprocessor controlled system for monitoring, storing and periodically reporting on data pertinent to the commercial operation of a reporting system, such as a soft drink vending machine, to a central data collection and monitoring computer, and which periodically reports such data over a telephone line which it accesses on a nondedicated basis. The microprocessor controls operations of the t...

1. Moulding material filled with starch for rigid polyurethane foams, characterised in that the starch filler component represents 3 to 40% of the total weight and at least 80% of it consists of gelatinized starch, which is substantially free of particles of a diameter exceeding 3 mm and has a maximum water content of 15% by weight.

A double-shade umbrella characterized by comprising a safety device (30) (Fig 4B) at the joints of ribs of the two shades (1, 2), a single-button release device (45) in the handle, a coupling (65) at the top caps, (Fig 8 not shown) and a connection for a pointed pole and having ribs, frames and shades capable of being folded in two sections.

Apparatus and method for inspecting the finish of transparent containers, particularly glass containers, which include facility for directing diffused light energy laterally through the container finish as the container is rotated about its central axis. A camera includes a plurality of light sensitive elements disposed in a linear array angulated with respect to the container axis to view the ext...

On spray-forming metals onto a substrate from which the sprayed coating is to be detached, unwanted adhesion may occur, even to a smooth substrate. Conversely, if the coating is meant to adhere, it may accidentally delaminate, even from a roughened substrate. By vibrating the substrate, marginally adherent splats will be encouraged to detach themselves while, on the other hand, well adherent splat...

Pneumatic tire having an adherent sealant composite on its inner surface comprised of an admixture of (A) unvulcanized cis 1,4-polyisoprene rubber, (B) polybutene, (C) thermoplastic copolymer tackifying resin and (D) clay.

A release ski binding having a sole plate which is pivotal in its central region about a generally vertical axis and can be forwardly pivoted about a transverse axle which is arranged in front of the vertical axle, which sole plate is held in the skiing position by a resilient holding mechanism which, during a release, effects an opening of the elements which hold the ski shoe to the ski. In order...