PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform communication by a signal having optimum center frequency. SOLUTION: Two or more stacked IC cards 11 are held up over a reader/ writer. Although a signal from the reader/writer has always fixed center frequency, whether the center frequency is optimum or not depends on the number of simultaneously presented IC cards 11. In order to set up the center frequency of th...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-contact type IC card made of polyester resin preferable for global environment and having secondary processability equivalent to a card made of polyvinyl chloride. SOLUTION: Polyester terephthalate resin is used for a circuit layer 3 of an IC card 1, cyclohexane dimethanol copolymer polyester resin in which an additive to be dyed with sublimable ink and heat ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method, a device, a system and a storage medium unique for image binarizing processing, with which an image to be processed is divided into a plurality of subordinate images and a binarizing threshold for each subordinate image is determined on the basis of the gray level of an edge pixel detected in each subordinate image. SOLUTION: This image processing method ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an interval between media to totally judge a standby processing of additional insertion to discriminate whether a ticket is the present customer's or the next customer's, to prevent erroneous takeout, erroneous drawing (drawing from an SF card) and erroneous judgment and to prevent unauthorized use of a medium with other customer's name. SOLUTION: This invention is ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for performing admission, reservation management and/or information distribution to theme park facilities to generically name, for example, an amusement park, educational facilities (art galleries, museums), etc., that accept the unspecified number of persons. SOLUTION: A PDA (personal digital assistance) (10) that enables distribution of sounds and images...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for processing bank note inspection result data capable of enhancing security of bank note inspection result data. SOLUTION: This method is provided with a first step (ST3) for encoding the bank note inspection result data and unique data by an encoding key and for generating encoded data, a second step (ST6) for transmitting the bank note inspection resul...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a receipt issuing device capable of performing printing on both sides of a receipt. SOLUTION: Print heads 21, 22 are arranged on the front side Ra and the rear side Rb of receipt paper R, respectively. The printing is performed on the respective surfaces with the respective print heads as advancing the receipt paper R while pressing the receipt paper R on the respe...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To protect a semiconductor wafer against a damage incident to a process for removing a natural oxide. SOLUTION: In the method, NF3 gas and He gas are introduced into a reaction vessel 12 of a plasma reaction system 10, and plasma is generated and then a natural oxide, i.e., SiO2 , on a semiconductor wafer W is gasified through reaction with the plasma, before being removed. S...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for microwave plasma treatment wherein uniform plasma density is attained on the surfaces of substrates and efficient plasma treatment is performed with reliability and stability. SOLUTION: A dielectric window which has an annular sleeve on the periphery thereof and wherein the surface shape and the thickness of the central portion thereof...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate specification of a trouble caused by an inspection equipment or process by performing defect distribution state analysis based on defect data detected by the inspection equipment in the production process of a semiconductor substrate. SOLUTION: Distribution state of defects is analyzed based on a defect position coordinate detected by an inspection equipment and...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the stage structure of a prober in which a semiconductor device can be positioned with high accuracy regardless of the temperature at the time of measurement by eliminating the effect of temperature variation at the stage section. SOLUTION: The stage comprises a stage section 1 for holding a wafer W and having a heating/cooling unit 11, a stage mechanism section 2 ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an equipment for inspecting a sample and a method for managing the inspection equipment in which efficient operation can be realized by lessening the burden on a worker and minimizing the downtime of an automated line. SOLUTION: In the method for inspecting a sample automatically by an inspection equipment, measurement of a standard sample is conducted...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that, when a cell area of a conventional MRAM is reduced, a diamagnetic field of a ferromagnetic material is increased, it is necessary to impart a larger rewriting magnetic field, and hence a current to flow to the write wiring is increased with the result that as the cell area is decreased, a current density of the write wiring is remarkably increased. ...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a semiconductor device that has a gate insulating film, having an improved nitrogen concentration profile and good electrical characteristics, and to provide a method of manufacturing the device. SOLUTION: This semiconductor device is provided with a gate insulating film 2A which is interposed between an Si substrate 1 and the gate electrode 3 and contains at least...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical integrated device, where sufficient extinction ratio can be obtained under high output and a low operating voltage, where the optical integrated device is formed by integrating a distribution feedback type semiconductor laser element and an EA modulator. SOLUTION: In the optical integration device, a distribution feedback type semiconductor laser element...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and surely detect a light intensity of a laser beam emitted from a VCSEL. SOLUTION: There are provided a VCSEL 21, a single-lens device having a main lens 110 with a positive power on which a necessary beam LP, including an optical axis light LX in a dispersive laser beam, is incident; one or more reflecting means 120 which are integrally formed on the light-emittin...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the work cost of an electromagnetic wave shield structure and to prolong the service life of this structure. SOLUTION: A pair of protective sheets 2 are laminated on a fibrous a conductive resin-made conductive sheet 3, so that the sheet 3 is sandwiched in between the pair of protective sheets 2; the laminate of them is constituted to be cut by a cutter 4.

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a built-in antenna which is adapted for transmission and reception of radio waves of a several giga cycles, so as to further make it compact, adapt for industrial production, and widen the tuned band. SOLUTION: Now, a 'plate-like antenna pattern 6 resonating at &lambda /4' is formed on a substrate 5, and a zigzag-like part 6a is provided in part of the pattern 6. T...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain high current detecting accuracy, without bringing about new power loss to detect a current. SOLUTION: A current detector circuit comprises sample hod capacitors C1, C2 for holding a voltage between switching transistors P1 and N1, when the transistors P1, N1 are on, analog switches 31, 32 connected between the transistors P1 and N1 via the capacitors C1, C2, a contr...

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To correct error due to irregularities of a reference transition voltage peculiar to products of A/D converters, and realize high resolution of an A/D converter. SOLUTION: A zero transition voltage and a full transition voltage are inputted in the A/D converter 4, the respective digital conversion values are fed back to a device irregularity correcting circuit 53, and an H si...